The Orange County Department of Health has already issued a public health alert to coincide with the start of flu season and warns that this year could be much worse than recent years.

Flu season usually runs from October through May, and typically peaks between December and February. This year, cases started being reported in higher than usual numbers in September, and cases of laboratory-confirmed flu are increasing. As of last week, the OCDOH had reported close to 100 confirmed cases since August 1, an increase of 500 percent. The New York State Department of Health is reporting 596 laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza for the week ending October 1.

Measures that were used to help slow the spread of COVID-19, like social distancing, masking and vaccinations, also effectively slow the spread of influenza. Both COVID-19 and the flu are contagious respiratory illnesses that have similar symptoms, making it difficult to distinguish between the two viral infections. Symptoms of both, which can range from mild to severe, include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. Respiratory symptoms may be present without fever and some people may also experience vomiting and diarrhea.

In addition to getting the flu and COVID-19 vaccines, the state health department recommends some practical ways to avoid contracting and spreading both viruses this fall and winter:

• Wash your hands often with soap and hot water for least 20 seconds to protect yourself from germs and avoid spreading them to others.

• Carry an alcohol-based hand sanitizer to use when soap and water are not available. Choose a product with at least 60 percent alcohol.

• Do not cough or sneeze into your hands. Instead, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue.

• Stay home if you are sick.

• Wear a mask that covers your nose and mouth if you are symptomatic.